Red Chief wrote:Well, Rob. If you wish let's emphasize on von Hayek.
I read only one book of the author "The Road to Serfdom". Of cause it's a pamphlet, but many his ideas are there. To be franck his arguments both with Marx and Keynes are not convincing.
In my view, there are some weeknesses:
1) No interest to demand. Demand=supply.
According to Marx capitalist always tries to minimize expenses, including wages, but in this case who will buy products as the main difference of this crunch from previous one that the main driver of economy is mass demand nowadays? In contrast, in XIX century and at the beginning of XX century lives of workers were pretty basic and consumption of upper classes defined economy.
I've read 'The Road to Serfdom' also, so we have something to talk about. Its a very good introduction to his views indeed.
Let me quote Hayek for you as this basically answers your question:
One argument frequently heard is that the complexity of modern civilization creates new problems with which we cannot hope to deal effectively except by central planning. This argument is based upon a complete misapprehension of the working of competition. The very complexity of modern conditions makes competition the only method by which a coordination of affairs can be adequately achieved.
There would be no difficulty about efficient control or planning were conditions so simple that a single person or board could effectively survey all the facts. But as the factors which have to be taken into account become numerous and complex, no one centre can keep track of them. The constantly changing conditions of demand and supply of different commodities can never be fully known or quickly enough disseminated by any one centre.
Under competition - and under no other economic order - the price system automatically records all the relevant data. Entrepreneurs, by watching the movement of comparatively few prices, as an engineer watching a few dials, can adjust their activities to those of their fellow entrepreneurs.
In conclusion: Solving the economic problem, by decentralization plus automatic coordination through the price system, is the best possible solution. The method of central planning/direction is incredibly clumsy, primitive and limited of scope i.e. very inefficient in allocating resources.
2) Model of Hayek assumes absolutely flexible wages or salaries of employees, but most of them are united in trade unions which signed collective agreement with employers.
Most of the time, monopolies exist only because government policy supports this. When monopolies are created, small companies have a problem with obtaining market share due to price agreements between monopolies as in cartels. This needs to be reversed.
If monopolies do exist, then profits are increasingly growing for these companies, which in turn will require labor unions to demand higher wages. So when a government allows monopolies to exist, then you must allow labor unions for workers to demand equal pay and benefits too.
Of course, this is all leading to exploitation and profiteering and the size of these companies make them sluggish and less capable to react to market demand, leaving the consumer with higher prices for less desirable products. So the solution is to erradicate and fight monopolies. Without monopolies there is no need for labour unions and prices, wages will be dynamicly set by the market.
Moreover, majority of people has loans and if their income drops drastically due to crisis they imediately go bancrupt. One author calls it "privatised Keynesism": the situation when ordinary people (instead of government) take the huge debt and then suffer the most in crisis.
Well, it is obvious that privitization requires personal responsibility, together with the added benefits of personal freedom of choice. Everything comes at a price.
So when people take huge loans and can't pay them off, the same rule of law applies for companies that behave badly, resulting in bankruptcy. Everybody is treated equal, when making equal mistakes. So you have to be informed to make good choices, be able to pay your loans and government can guide this process by some consumer protection law, which requires the lender to inform you about costs and potential pittfalls.
Not everybody makes good decisions, and that is what capitalism is build upon. Creative destruction. The people with smart decisions thrive while the people with bad decisions dive. A rule of law can acquit you from (part) of your liabilities. For that we have Western style bankruptcy codes and laws.
Not in Sharia law of course, since your individual liberty would be taken away from you in jail. The highest price one can pay.
I partly agree that it's not only weekness of theory but rather its practical realisation. The situation was defined by artificial stimulation of demand. Low interest rate was the main driver. It isn't sustainable.
The theory can be debated, but realistically we have issues with governments that are not aligned in one level playing field. Protectionism is a problem. E.g. China is centrally planned and unwilling to let its currency float to market rates, artificially lowering its Yuan (RMB) exchange rate to keep manufacturing exports higher than the market would set it. China is too much focussed on trade surplus, while not increasing the domestic consumption and purchasing power accordingly. Thats why the US wants China to revalue the Yuan (RMB), but China has a different plans. Its not a free market world economy. This invokes other governments to introduce trade barriers to protect and maximizing its own interests. So there is no laissez faire situation. Just marginally.